Electrostatic precipitators



April 1950 A. c; FIELDS 2,932,359

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS Filed May 1, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. I

JhVen/ar: farm/d Ci Fields wavm April 1960 A. c. FIELDS 2,932,359

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS Filed May 1, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 2

April 1950 A. c. FIELDS 2,932,359

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS Filed May 1, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 I I I I I I Ii I I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I l I I I 4 I Jnverhm': Eran/d f- F/e/d; %O

A. c. FIELDS ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 1, 1957 FIG. 4

firmpa c" mg; H5

.out of the plate leaving drainage i 255L555 V r n q am m me Arnold C. Fields, Medfield, Mass.-,--assignor to Westinghouse Electric Corporation, '-:poration of Pennsylvania App a o my 1.1. 5. sl g No; 65 ,4 7 toutin c1.1ss-'--7 East Pittsburgh, Pa., acormimics relates' to electrostaticprecipitators for removing small foreign particles suchfas dust, from gases such as air.

','A feature or this invention islthat t e ionizer and I additionaljfdrainage collector cell of an electrostatic precipit'ator are combined in a single unit. Top and bottom plat'e s of a unit have rear openings opposite the adjacent ends .of the cell for permitting an adhesive or a' cleansing liquid to pass throughthe collector plates o f v ically stacked units, and have'inwar dly'extendingfl' j'on opposite sidesfof r P a e h ch, form -1 8 the ionizer and behind the' coll baflleslfor preventing the gas being between the ends of the collector plates of adjacent upper andj 'lower units. f o I Another feature of this invention is' that the top and bottom plates of a unit have flanges that are s'lanted outwardly at their endssothat fouradjacent units "in two verticaljand two adjacent rows, contact to' form' a' rectangular enclosure for receiving arod which secures the units to a supporting frame. "Another feature of'this'invention' is that the top and bottom plates have punched out portions which extend into'and support non- 'sqharging ionizer electrodes, the emcva'l' o'fithe portions form- Another item 'Q hi i 1. 1

is hat the'c i r collector plates of a unit are: supported b'y' t ie 'ro'ds which are attached at their endsto supported by intervening insulators from the side "plates oftheunit Objects of this invention are'to simplify and reduce the cost of construction of electrostatic pr'ecipitators.

Another object of this invention isto, provide animprovecl. ionizer assembly. Z

Thisinvention'will now'be described with reference'to the annexed drawings,;of which;

Fig. 1 is a plan view looking at the top of an electrostatic .preci'pitator. unit with theltop' plate removed, embodying this invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the unit of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side view of the unit with a portion of the adjacent side plate of the unit removed;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fractional view showing the rectangular enclosure-formed by the beveled ends of the top and bottom plates of four adjacent units, for receiving a retaining rod;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fractional view showing a portion of a retaining rod extending through the rectangular enclosure shown by Fig. 4, into a supporting frame;

Fig. 6 is a plan view, on a reduced scale, of one of the top plates used;

Fig. 7 is a front view of the plate of Fig. 6; and

Fig. 8 is a section along the line 8-8 of Fig. 6.

The unit has a top plate and a bottom plate 9 which are similar. A top plate 10 is shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. Used as a bottom plate it would be inverted. Each plate 9 and 10 has near its front, straps 11 which are punched holes 12 in the plate.

cleaned from flowing 7 one of, the outermost holes 12. i

The straps 11 plates perpendicular thereto, flattened metal tubes 14 whic lel, non-discharging ionizer supporting the tubes 14 at their ends.

form spaced-apart, paralj Two pairs of tublar insulators 15 extend inwardly from;

the'inner surfaces ofjthe topfand bottom plates 10 and 9' resp'ectivelyfofj theiunit, I'near theirifront ends, and support metal tubesf16 held U-shaped ends of ionizer wire supporting arms '17 of spring metal. ionizer wires 18 which tubes 14;"The ends'of clearance openings 20 in latter are flattened and 'the'tubes 16 extend through side plates '21 and outside the turned. inwardly perpendicular tothe tubes to form flattened'tubejportions 19 into the interiors of which extendthe ends of straps 22'of spring" metal which arefbowed outwardlyalong-fiattenedltube portions 19 and fhave 'their outer ends securedj'thereto byfscrews 23. 1 v 'The straps 22 contact high voltage terminals when the, units are in operatingposition; for! energizing the ionizer wires 18.. Y

The sideplates have outwardly turned flanges '25 along their sides which are' beveledgat-thei r' tops and bottoms at 26 to provide spaces fol'downwardl'y slanted end por-' tions 28 of the top" plate' 10 'andthe upwardly slanted flanges 27 of-the bottom plate 9. As shown by Figs. 4 and S, these slanted flanges of four adjacent units intwo vertical and 'two horizontal rows of units form 'a diamond-shaped'space 29 through which a retaining rod 30 can be inserted. The rod 30 as shown by Fig. 5, has a back end portion with a recessed portion 31 fitted in a slot 32 in flange 33 of a frame 34, and has a wing-nut 35 threaded on its front end with an integral washer 36 in contact with the flanges 27 and 28.

The top and bottom plates and the. side plates form an enclosure for the ionizer and for the collector plates,

havin-g'ja' gas inlet 38 and a gas outlet 39 '(Fig. 1). The metal brackets which are 4 side plates have outwardly extendingflanges 40 at their tops and bottoms which are secured to the top, plate 10 bottom plate 9 by bolts 41 which extend vthrough slots'in the top and bottom flanges. Theslots permit easy assembly in cases where manufacturing variations occur. 5 V Charge collector plates 43 and ground collector plates 42 arefalternately arrange j lhe ground platesf42 are supported on tie'rods 44 with spacers 45 therebetwee'n, the tie rods and spacers extending through clearance openings 52 in the charge plates; The ends'of the ti'e'rods 44 extend through the side plates 21 in contact therewith, and are secured thereto by fasteners 52.

The charge plates 43' are supported on tie rods 46 with spacers 57 therebetween, the rods 46 and spacers 47 extending through clearance openings 54, in the ground plates and the side plates 21. Each side plate 21 has a pair of vertically aligned circular openings therein, into which are fitted inner circular ends 48 of disc-shaped insulators 49. The insulators 49 have outer circular ends 50 that are fitted in circular openings in brackets 51. The brackets are spaced from and insulated from the side plates by the insulators 49. The ends of the tie rods 46 of the charge plates extend through the brackets 51 in contact therewith, and are secured thereto by fasteners 53. One of the tie rods 46 located between the insulators 49 has secured to its ends corresponding ends of straps 55 of spring metal, which bow outwardly, and the other ends of which are bent over and extend through slots in out-turned flanges 56 of the brackets. The straps contact Pate t d, a 12., 1950.

1101 lsits provided alongside:

extend inwardly ofthe top and bottom:

and intothe interiors of electrodes; the straps l l which have slots in which are The inner ends of the arms 17 support extend midway between adjacent time, ean emp late assembly i seen m he somewhat s i'i-iiilar tothat disclosed giajtheus, Patent No; 2535;695

or E. L. Richardsonflft has, the advantages "there'over fin that the same number of tiefr'od'sfare used for; the charge plates as for the ground platefsfsjo as to provide accurate s cm'g ananniiinium rnal nail cefin "that, adjacent, tie rods are aligned in the direction b f g ais flo w foi' iifii in erment with g s now; Another, advantage is plate 's ci 'a'djn riientaft'ejr a'sfserhb being necessary... v .i ijtbp andbo ttoi'n late's 1 and "9.'re'sp" "tively, have r ngalsrfsh peao emngs "60 over and below i'espect tvely, the, e n'eeter, plates; which permit; when the units resjt'aekea vertically, adnesige and hing Iiqi idsfp'roie'cted, from, overhead, to flow downw rfd collector plates or -vertically 'aligr'icd' units;

The top andbottorn plates at the front andback edges, or the openings 60 have flanges 61, and have atthetr ironts flanges 62, which extend perpendicular1to the top pattern plate hinwardly pastj the tops and bottoin'sof. th'e eellecfor plates; the flanges "61 forming bafiles for preventing gas from by-passingthe collector plat'e's, and the fi'anges Q62 preventing; from b'y-pas's'ing the ionizer el e trodes'at thei're' iTh'e dbwnst'rearnflange's '61 ;aT.so 51 as adhesive blqw o I 'shields'.j The fiangesfilgand 62 also act to, add stiffness to the I p and bottom plates. The operation of my eleenos ane reeipr a or would be eonvemibnat The as to 'bef'cleaned weuld befionized as it 'passes between the, ionizer wires as and, the ondischa'rgin'g ionizer electrodes 14, causing 'elect'rostat'ic charging of the small "r reiga particles entrained in the gas. The charged particles would then deposit upon the oppositely charged collector plates.

What is claimed ,is2. t i v An electrostatic precipitator comprising top, bot and side plates reaming an open-ended rectangular q ing having a ga inlet at oneena and 'a gas antler at the j-op'posit'e end, a plurality of s aced-apart, Parallel, Vertically extending, collector plates supported iii-6m said side "plate's between said inlet and said outlet, said tap and bottom plates having 'i'e'ct'angular. openings having rremedges between said inlet and said eoneeter plates, having side edges between the but ei'riiost of said Collector plates and said side plates, and having back edges between said collector "plates and, said outlet, said openings extending above and below said vcollector plates for perinit't'ing liquid to be supplied throu'gh the opening in the top pl'ateo'nto the collcctdr plates, and for permitting the liquid draining -f'r'ointhe collector plates to pass out the opening in the bottom plate.

"assembly; as separate 2. An electrostatic precipitator as claimed in claim 1 parallel metal side plates, a "plurality of spaced-apart parallel, charge and ground, metal collector plates, said charge and ground collector plates being alternately ar- 10 ranged, a :pluralityv of .rnetal tie rods supporting said ground plates-from said side :plates and having their ends extending through and attached to said side plates, metal spacers between adjacent ground plates and between end ground plates and said "side plates, saidtie'r'ods and spacers extending through clearance openin'gs'in said charge plates, a pair of disc-shaped insulators having circular inner surfaces of reduced diameter within circular holes in said side plates, and having outer circular surfaces of reduced diafmetei-j, metal bra fets fe tending parallel 'to 'said side plates and having circular holes around saidfou't'er sur-V faces o f said insulators a secondplurality of metal "tie u'p"""rting jsaid chargeplate's from 'said brackets and g their ends extendingthrahga and attached is said ke'ts,frneta l spacersbetwben adjacent charge plates, I \ti'e ro'dso'f said se'cdna plurality and said last nie'fnt'ioh'ed spacers extef g t ou' h ce ne es P' ground, p1ates',' 'andfn!etal v"spacers between the outerrno said charge plates and s'aidbrackets and exam in" ghicl'ear'ance openings in said side plates.

holes in said bottom pmeper'miaia adhesive and cleaning liqujds to drain from saidfprecipitator venclosure, ionfei' wires, and means for, insulatedly supportingsaid wiresfrom said top and bottom plates midway between said fillies.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,253,677 Penney Sept. 9.194; 2,330,992 Pegg et al Aug.i7,j194s I V FoRErGN. PATENTS 745,609 7 Great Britain Feb. 29, 1956 

